Hip replacement is most successful procedure of the century if performed by experienced surgeon. This procedure is commonly performed when the hip joint is damaged due to osteonecrosis, osteoarthritis, injuries or any other joint condition. After hip replacement patient can return to his daily activities within 30 days. Regular exercise is mandatory to increase the longevity of the artificial hip. Hip is the most common joint replaced all over world.
Knee Replacement is required when knee become painful and stiff due to degeneration of articular cartilage and altered biomechanics of the knee. One such condition is Osteoarthritis in which joint space is narrowed and obliterated; and knee has a deformity with crackling sound on movements. By this procedure damaged articular surface is replaced with artificial joint along with correction of the deformity. Unicondylar knee replacement is performed in the patients with early osteoarthritis where only one compartment of the knee is involved & there is no fixed deformity of the knee. Only damaged condyle is replaced. Revision knee replacement is performed when the previous knee replacement is causing trouble due to implant loosening, plastic wear, and infection or due to any other reason. Previous artificial knee is replaced with new one with extra features.
You will receive anesthesia before this surgery. Two types of anesthesia can be used:
General anesthesia, which means you will be unconscious and unable to feel pain.
Regional anesthesia to numb your arm and shoulder area so that you do not feel any pain in this area. If you receive regional anesthesia, you will also be given medicine to help you relax during the operation.
The shoulder is a ball and socket joint. The round end of the arm bone fits into the opening at the end of the shoulder blade, called the socket. This type of joint allows you to move your arm in most directions.
For total shoulder replacement, the round end of your arm bone will be replaced with an artificial stem that has a rounded metal head. The socket part (glenoid) of your shoulder blade will be replaced with a smooth plastic shell (lining) that will be held in place with a special cement. If only 1 of these 2 bones needs to be replaced, the surgery is called a partial shoulder replacement, or a hemiarthroplasty.
For shoulder joint replacement, your surgeon will make an incision (cut) over your shoulder joint to open up the area. Then your surgeon will:
1.Remove the head (top) of your upper arm bone (humerus)
2. Cement the new metal head and stem into place
3.Smooth the surface of the old socket and cement the new one in place
4. Close your incision with staples or sutures
5. Place a dressing (bandage) over your wound
Ankle replacement, or ankle arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure to replace the damaged articular surfaces of the human ankle joint with prosthetic components. This procedure is becoming the treatment of choice for patients, replacing the conventional use of arthrodesis, i.e. fusion of the bones. The restoration of range of motion is the key feature in favor of ankle replacement with respect to arthrodesis. However, clinical evidence of the superiority of the former has only been demonstrated for particular isolated implant designs.
Total ankle replacement removes and then replaces both sides of the ankle joint with specially designed components, called prostheses. The tibial prosthesis consists of a polyethylene (medical grade plastic) and titanium base plate tray that is inserted into the tibia and fibula, giving the implant a wide base for support.
Ankle replacement is surgery to replace the damaged bone in the ankle joint. Artificial joint parts (prosthetics) are used to replace your own bones. There are a number of devices that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in ankle replacement surgery.
Description:-
Ankle replacement surgery is most often done while you are under general anesthesia. This means you will be asleep and pain-free.
You may have spinal anesthesia. You will be awake but will not feel anything below your waist. If you have spinal anesthesia, you will also be given medicine to help you relax during the operation.
Your surgeon will make a surgical cut in the front of your ankle to expose the ankle joint. Your surgeon will then gently push the tendons, nerves, and blood vessels to the side. After this:
Your surgeon will remove the damaged bone and cartilage.
Your surgeon will replace the damaged part of :
The lower end of your shin bone (tibia)
The top of your foot bone (talus) that the leg bones rest on
The metal parts of the new artificial joint are then attached to the cut bony surfaces. A special glue/bone cement may be used to hold them in place.
A piece of plastic is inserted between the two metal parts.
After putting the tendons back into place, the surgeon closes the wound with sutures (stitches). You may need to wear a splint, cast, or brace for a while to keep the ankle from moving.
Why the Procedure is Performed?
Ankle replacement surgery may be done if the ankle joint is severely damaged. Your symptoms may be pain and loss of movement of the ankle. Some causes of damage are:
Arthritis caused by ankle surgery in the past
Bone fracture
Infection
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
You may not be able to have a total ankle replacement if you have had ankle joint infections in the past.